Metaanalysis of risk factors for mortality in patients with hip fracture.

INTRODUCTION The aim of this meta-analysis is to assess the association of three different clinical score systems with the mortality in hip fracture patients. METHODS A literature search was conducted on November 13, 2011 using PubMed and Embase. The search yielded 315 publications which were reviewed on the basis of the inclusion criteria. RESULTS Thirteen studies were included for further processing. The following clinical score systems were found to be of prognostic value for mortality in hip fracture patients: a high American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score of three or above (odds ratio (OR): 3.07; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.78-3.38; p < 0.00001, 15,625 study participants included), a Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) score of one or more (OR: 2.05; 95% CI: 1.79-2.34; p < 0.00001, 13,570 study participants included) and dementia (assessed with Mini Mental State Examination or obtained from journal extraction) (OR: 2.73; 95% CI: 1.64-4.57; p = 0.0001; 1,782 study participants included). CONCLUSION The present meta-analysis showed that the ASA score, the CCI score and assessment of preexisting dementia are useful in predicting the mortality of hip fracture patients.